Our model was limited to LS and germline sequencing to either two or four MMR genes, while NGS-panel testing is highly advisable for all CRC cases because it can identify several other cancer syndromes.32 Identification of non-LS-associated CRC cases would likely increase the cost-effectiveness of universal LS screening as more families with inherited predisposition to cancer would be identified and provided with risk reducing strategies. Here, MRC1 is linked to colorectal carcinoma.