In addition, in PCOS women, the levels of IL-6 (P < 0.001), IL-17 (P < 0.001) and IL-23 (P < 0.001) were significantly higher (Fig. 2B, C, D), while the levels of TGF-β (P < 0.001) and IL-10 (P < 0.001) were significantly lower than those in control group (Fig. 2E, F). Here, TGFB1 is linked to polycystic ovary syndrome.