This study not only confirmed the correlation between Egr-1 protein and mRNA expression in visual cortex and amblyopia, that is to say, due to the unequal input of binocular vision, the number and morphology of visual cortex cells may change, resulting in the decrease of Egr-1 protein and mRNA expression, which further affects the normal physiological function of visual cortex and affects visual development, thus promoting the occurrence and development of amblyopia. This evidence concerns the gene EGR1 and amblyopia.