We identified in post mortem human brain from progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal degeneration and some forms of frontotemporal dementia caused by tau mutations (N296N and exon 10 + 16) a 35 kDa C-terminal tau fragment (termed Tau35), which spans residues E187 to L441 of 2N4R tau (Wray et al., 2008). This evidence concerns the gene MAPT and progressive supranuclear palsy.