ALB and nutritional deficiency disease: Supplementary Table 1 shows the characteristics of the participants according to ADL disability. Patients with ADL disability were significantly older than those without (median: 87.0 and 82.0 years of age, respectively, p < 0.001). Moreover, patients with ADL disability were at higher risk of malnutrition than those without (median MNA-SF score: 7.0 vs. 10.0 points, P < 0.001; mean serum albumin: 34.9 vs. 38.7 g/L; P < 0.001).