In CRC, interleukin-17 (IL-17) drives cellular uptake of copper through upregulation of STEAP4 expression, and the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β can synergistically increase androgen-induced STEAP4 expression in prostate cancer cells, with knockdown of STEAP4 enhancing the ability of IL-6 and IL-1β to inhibit cell growth (Pihlstrom et al., 2021). Here, STEAP4 is linked to Familial prostate cancer.