The durable chronic inflammation then activates multiple downstream pathways, e.g., nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), to promote cancer through modulating apoptosis, autophagy, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis (Bianchi et al., 2017; Lee et al., 2019; Mukherjee and Vasquez, 2020). This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and cancer.