CD19 and acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Additionally, one study including five adult patients with B-ALL (NCT02772198) has reported that treatment of R/R B-ALL patients with blinatumomab and/or IO before the beginning of CD19-redirected CAR-T therapy can result in promising response rates (with two out of five patients (40%) achieving minimal residual disease (MRD)-negative CR and two other patients (40%) achieving MRD-positive CR) (102).