IFNAR1 and infection: There was no significant difference in LDH release between the WT and IFNAR-deficient BMDMs in response to MAB (Supplementary Figure 4A) and pretreatment of the cells with rIFN-β slightly increased during the release of LDH only in WT BMDMs at 72 h post infection, but not in MH-S cells (Supplementary Figure 4B).