In this paper, we reviewed the research of GM130 in nervous system diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), MCPH, sepsis associated encephalopathy (SAE), and Ataxia, aiming to provide a reference for the further study of GM130 in nervous system disease detection and treatment. The gene discussed is GOLGA2; the disease is early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.