Others have found that war veterans with PTSD, like older individuals, present with defective mitochondria, telomeres, furin/plasmin, and BDNF, connecting cerebral EC senescence with dysfunctional subcellular structures (Levin et al., 1997; Doughan et al., 2008; Gray and Ellis, 2008; Fleegal-DeMotta et al., 2009; Khoury et al., 2012; Grenon et al., 2016; Aksu et al., 2018; Connolly et al., 2018; Stein et al., 2018; Miranda et al., 2019; Seligowski et al., 2021; Cleveland et al., 2021). Here, BDNF is linked to post-traumatic stress disorder.