In PD, there are numerous mitochondrial genes mutated in familial cases that correspond to dysfunction including DJ-1, LRRK2, PRKN, PINK1, and HTRA2 (Kalinderi et al., 2016; Narendra, 2016; Pearce et al., 2019; Han et al., 2021). Here, PRKN is linked to Parkinson disease.