We demonstrated that rhFGF21 was strongly effective to prevent the progression of DOCA-salt-induced hypertensive nephropathy by inducing AMPK activation, which in turn inhibited NF-κB-mediated inflammatory cytokines release and activated Nrf2-regulated renal antioxidant capacity and thus, is important for FGF21 protection against DOCA-salt-induced hypertensive renal injury (Fig. 8). The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is hypertensive nephropathy.