NRF2 pathway upregulation is indeed involved in early Nrf2/Keap1 mutations, which are observed in 71% of early preneoplastic lesions, in 59.3–78.6% of HCCs, and in 50% of lung metastases of HCC-bearing rats (Figure 2). The gene discussed is NFE2L2; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.