While 14-3-3γ, ezrin, filamin A, PARK7, vinculin and vimentin could be analysed in cohort of CS I seminoma patients using IHC to validate their clinical relevance, IHC evaluation in the case of caldesmon and 14-3-3β failed (data were non-homogenous and suboptimal). This evidence concerns the gene VIM and Cowden syndrome 1.