As is evident (Figure 3), expression of the YWHAB (p = 0.003), YWHAG (p = 0.034), CALD1 (p < 0.001), FLNA (p < 0.001), VIME (p < 0.001) and VINC (p < 0.001) genes, encoding 14-3-3β, 14-3-3γ, caldesmon, filamin A, vimentin and vinculin respectively, was significantly increased in metastasis- vs. primary tumour-derived TGCT cell lines at the mRNA level. Here, VCL is linked to neoplasm.