GAL and cancer: Studies of various types of cancer, including glioma, have revealed that the immunosuppressive effect of Gal-1 could be mediated by several mechanisms of action (MoA), such as promoting infiltration of immunosuppressive Tregs [45], polarization of macrophages towards an ant-inflammatory phenotype [46], inhibition of the capacity of NK cells, through the miRNA-TLR7-IFNbeta pathway, to kill cancer cells [47,48], or deletion of activated cancer killing T cells following binding of extracellular Gal-1 to glycoreceptors expressed on various subpopulations of immune cells (Figure 1) [49,50,51].