BRCA1 and prostate carcinoma: Several prostate cancer susceptibility genes have been identified to date, including those associated with high risk of prostate cancer (BRCA2 and HOXB13-up to eight-fold overall risk), moderate risk (BRCA1-up to 3.8-fold; DNA mismatch repair genes MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2 and EPCAM up to 2.3 fold increased for all males from Lynch syndrome families), and the genes with limited data regarding risk estimates including CHEK2, ATM and NBN.