CD4 and malaria: Nandi children, who resided in a low malaria exposure area, and thus putatively had acute malaria infections and demonstrably low or undetectable EBV loads, had the same frequency of CD4+ T cells (Figure 1A) expressing IFN-γ but significantly fewer IL-10 (p < 0.0001) and more IL-17A (p = 0.001) responders to EBNA1 compared to PfSEA-1A.