In a retrospective review of patients treated with anti-PD-1 mAbs, either as monotherapy (pembrolizumab/nivolumab) or in combination with anti-CTLA-4 mAbs, in a single UK regional cancer center, no association between the clinical pattern of ir thyroid impairment (hyperthyroidism followed by hypothyroidism or de novo hypothyroidism) and the presence of thyroid autoantibodies was observed [104]. This evidence concerns the gene CTLA4 and cancer.