The loss of the ATPase-helicase chromatin remodelling factor ATRX (α-thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked) disrupts the interaction of multiple epigenetic modulators (including methyl-CpG-binding MECP2, H3K27 methyltransferase EZH2 or histone variants macroH2A and H3.3) in the euchromatin–heterochromatin transition of silent genomic regions [13]; therefore, it is not surprising that the presence or absence of ATRX enables the discrimination of different survival rates within low-grade gliomas [14]. This evidence concerns the gene ATRX and central nervous system cancer.