HMGB1 and COVID-19: However, increased levels of TLR2 with either TLR1 or TLR6 DAMPs, including beta-defensin-3, named TLR1/2, and the high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), named TLR1/2/6, were recorded in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and serum obtained from COVID-19 patients [180,181,182].