BAX and liver disorder: APAP has been reported to induce and inhibit the expression of Bax (pro-apoptotic factor) and Bcl-2 (anti-apoptotic factor), respectively, and the upregulation of the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio damages the mitochondrial membrane and induces a caspase-dependent apoptosis pathway [24,25], with resulting hepatocyte death that could promote the onset and progression of liver disease [25].