MTOR and melanoma: Previous studies have shown that cinobufagin reduced the expression of LEF1 and Wnt/β-catenin target genes such as Axin-2, cyclin D1, and c-Myc in melanoma cell lines [50], and cinobufagin treatment reduced the expression of p-AKTT308 and p-AKTS473 and inhibited the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells [51].