There are four main molecular subtypes of breast cancer: (1) luminal A (estrogen receptor-positive and/or progesterone receptor-positive (ER+ and/or PR+) and negative for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2−)), (2) luminal B (ER+ and/or PR+/HER2+), (3) HER2-enriched (ER− and PR−/HER2+) and (4) triple-negative (ER−, PR− and HER2−). The gene discussed is ESR1; the disease is breast carcinoma.