The most significant breakthroughs are expected in diagnostics of aberrant protein forms of amyloid-beta isomers in Alzheimer’s disease [143], osteopontin b and c splice isoforms in prostate cancer [144], amino acid substitution in protein C7 in type-2 diabetes [145], and amino acid substitution of the Ras protein in pancreatic cancer and colorectal cancer [146]. The gene discussed is SPP1; the disease is early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.