Intriguingly, treatment of tumour cells with DNMT inhibitors can stimulate the transcription of the constitutively silenced endogenous retrovirus (ERVs) [122], thus forming double-stranded RNAs in the cytoplasm [123], the ligand of the retinoic acid inducible gene I-like receptors (RLR) [70,124]. The gene discussed is DHX58; the disease is neoplasm.