A number of reports have found that women with endometriosis demonstrate increased expression and release of various proinflammatory cytokines and growth factors—such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, epidermal growth factor, and hepatocyte growth factor—in their ectopic and eutopic endometrium and their peritoneal fluid [17,18,27,28]. The gene discussed is HGF; the disease is endometriosis.