Furthermore, we defined only those targets as potentially relevant for a therapeutic intervention, which met the following criteria: either strongly expressed (protein expression with IRS > 2, H-score > 199, or staining intensity ≥ 3) or already approved for bladder cancer treatment, thus being part of the clinical management of urothelial bladder cancer patients with a given scoring algorithm according to current FDA and EMA guidelines such as PD-L1 (CPS ≥ 10 or IC ≥ 2). Here, IARS1 is linked to urinary bladder cancer.