PFKFB3 and type 1 diabetes mellitus: The activation of HIF1α and 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose 2,6 biphosphatase-3 (PFKFB3) metabolic pathway protects against hIAPP-induced β-cell apoptosis associated with T2D [26] and cytokine-induced β-cell death related to T1D [27].