PAX4 and systemic lupus erythematosus: For example, Ets1 has been reported to regulate lymphocyte/plasma cell differentiation, B cell tolerance to self-antigens, and autoantibodies/cytokine production [44], PPARγ was implicated in the regulation of the inflammatory signal initiated by CD40/CD40L activation [44], and PAX4 expression signature was identified in the differentially expressed significant probes of peripheral cells samples in patients with SLE and/or vasculitis [47].