IKKβ and NF-κB activation in the infiltrated B-cells by mediators released from necrotic cell death upregulates the expression of inflammatory cytokine lymphotoxin (LT), which, in turn, stimulates IKKα and STAT3 activation in PCa cells to enhance androgen-independent (AI) growth and survival [13,62]. Here, STAT3 is linked to posterior cortical atrophy.