In summary, both Kpna1 deletion and adolescent social isolation stress were found to significantly impair aversive learning and/or memory in the IA test and sensorimotor gating in the PPI test, while increasing anxiety-like behavior (in the EPM for Kpna1 deletion and OFT for isolation) and depression-like behavior in the FS test. Here, KPNA1 is linked to major depressive disorder.