Vaccination with replication competent live-attenuated vaccines represents another form of primary viral infection and a recent case series of yellow fever vaccine–associated viscerotropic and neurotropic diseases (YEL-AND/AVD) identified serum IFN-Abs in 3 individuals who received the vaccine at 57, 59, and 62 years of age [23]. The gene discussed is IFNA1; the disease is viral infectious disease.