INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: On the other hand, both metformin27 and thiazolidinediones28 apparently act as insulin sensitizers or mimickers in muscle where they were found to increase insulin‐stimulated glucose disposal in euglycemic‐hyperinsulinemic clamp studies while increasing aPKC activity in muscles of T2DM humans; in this regard, note that (a) metformin itself activates aPKC and increases glucose transport in isolated myocytes29 and (b) thiazolidinediones diminish hepatic lipogenesis,30 which can secondarily improve insulin signaling in muscle17, 20, 21 (and see below).