Of interest, accumulating evidence suggest that HE4 may also has diagnostic potential in other clinical settings, including lung adenocarcinomas (17), renal fibrosis (18), cystic fibrosis (19), as well as autoimmune-related organ involvements, such as SSc-ILD (10) and pSS-related pulmonary/renal involvements (11). This evidence concerns the gene WFDC2 and systemic sclerosis.