PPARG and pulmonary arterial hypertension: Although the dysfunctions of PPARγ signaling are closely correlated with PAH progression (Hansmann et al., 2008; Alastalo et al., 2011; Gong et al., 2011; Calvier et al., 2017, 2019), the underlying mechanisms by which hypoxia-responsive genes dysregulate PPARγ to trigger the endothelial phenotypic conversions have remained elusive.