RENBP and atrial septal defect: The top four significantly enriched terms of the KEGG pathways for ASD are summarized in Fig. 9C. The cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, Human T-cell leukemia virus 1 infection, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, and the one-carbon pool by folate were pathways identified as essential for the occurrence of the ASD subtype.