ATG3 and nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Figure 4(c) shows that wortmannin suppressed QYLGT-induced PI3K activation and Atg3 expression plus QYLGT-induced cell death, respectively. Furthermore, we also treated NPC cells with mTOR inhibitors, rapamycin and Torin 1. We found that rapamycin (Figure 4(d)) and Torin1 (Figure 4(e)) could inhibit QYLGT-induced mTOR activation and Atg3 expression plus QYLGT-induced cell death.