For example, axitinib can hamper myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) by downregulating signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) expression in murine RCC xenografts (9), and promote immune-mediated anti-tumor activity by promoting natural killer cell recognition and degranulation in human RCC cells (10). This evidence concerns the gene STAT3 and renal cell carcinoma.