These include putative mediators of protective mechanisms of RIC [e.g., heat shock proteins, which have been associated with ischemic tolerance (69)]; markers of processes known to be detrimental in the course of brain ischemia, such as inflammatory proteins [e.g., C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid protein (SAP), or tissue necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)]; or other possible markers of neuronal degeneration [e.g., S100B or matrix metalloproteinase-9 (70, 71)]. Here, CRP is linked to brain ischemia.