NFKB1 and renal fibrosis: The current study demonstrated that inhibition of the activation of p38 MAPK/JNK and NF-κB p65 signaling cascade exerted protective effects against hepatic and renal fibrosis, nevertheless, previous research had pointed out that NF-κB p65 could collaborate with p38 MAPK and resist hepatocyte apoptosis induced by TNF or LPS (Heinrichsdorff et al., 2008).