IL31RA and Lipedema: An example of the distinct nature of lipedema adipose tissue is illustrated by our discovery of metabolic differences in lipedema relating to levels of fatty acids and their conjugates that included GPLs (more highly abundant in lipedema adipocytes than non-lipedema adipocytes) that are metabolites known to regulate cell-cycle events in cell growth, and to enhance cell size and proliferation [53, 54]; notably, GPL inhibition can reduce cell proliferation [55, 56].