NEFL and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: ROC analyses of ALS patients with short and long survival times showed the highest AUC for plasma NFL levels (AUC: 0.800; 0.716–0.884) (J: 205.66 pg/mL, sensitivity: 58.9%, specificity: 91.1%, LR + : 6.63, LR−: 0.45) (p < 0.0001), followed by CSF NFL levels (AUC: 0.751; 0.655–0.846) (J: 4265 pg/mL, sensitivity: 70.2%, specificity: 73.9%, LR + : 2.69, LR−: 0.40) (p < 0.0001) and CSF pNFH (AUC: 0.721; 0.618–0.825) (J: 18,537 pg/mL, sensitivity: 56.6%, specificity: 79.1%, LR + : 2.70, LR−: 0.55) (p < 0.0001).