CXCL12 and cancer: It is known that CXCL12 is a chemokine that increases its production in the tissue as part of the inflammatory responses, and that the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis promotes the proliferative activity and invasiveness of tumor cells, including malignant glioma and other various cancers, with the expression of CXCR4, a receptor of CXCL1219–22.