Immune reconstitution in the formof an increase in number of CD4 and CD8 Tlymphocytes occurs in the first 3 - 6 monthsfollowing ART initiation.[42] This may leadto increased circulating pro-inflammatorymarkers and activation of the inflammatorycascade resulting in a prothrombotic state.However, others have not reported similarfindings.[5,43] In our present study, most ofthose who had recently initiated ART anddeveloped VTE had TB co-infection. This evidence concerns the gene CD4 and tuberculosis.