IL6 and cancer: While IL1 induces fibroblast into having an inflammatory phenotype categorized by an elevated cytokines production, TGF-β antagonizes an IL1-induced phenotype and stimulates the fibroblast to adopt a myofibroblastic phenotype with less tumorigenesis, particularly reduced expression of factors promoting cancer stemness such as Il6 and Cxcl12 (Biffi et al., 2019).