Greenberg et al. (2002) analyzed tissues from 20 NSCLC cases and found that the activity level of p38 was twice higher than in adjacent tissues, suggesting that p38 modulates malignant growth and transformation of cells. Additionally, Zhou et al. confirmed that reducing p-p38 levels and increasing p-JNK level inhibits cell proliferation (Zhou et al., 2020). Here, MAPK8 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.