E2F1 and pachyonychia congenita: In PC, previous research demonstrated that ANRIL was overexpressed in cancer precursors known as intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) (229), and ANRIL could promote PC cell migration and invasion through modulation of EMT by activating ATM–E2F1 signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro (230).