When the five replicated proteins identified as being related to four of the different components of the MetS were evaluated in relation to incident MetS in the PIVUS study in a secondary analysis using logistic regression analysis, all but t-PA were associated with incident MetS following Bonferroni-adjustment for 5 tests (HR 1.93 (95% CI 1.46, 2.55) for HGF, HR 1.76 (1.38, 2.24) for IL-1RA, HR 1.88 (1.42, 2.48) for leptin, HR 1.76 (1.33, 2.32) for FABP4, HR 1.49 (1.14, 1.94) for CTSD, and HR 1.32 (1.02, 1.70), p = 0.034, for t-PA). The gene discussed is LEP; the disease is metabolic syndrome.