Behavioral research has demonstrated that the effectiveness of SMBG as a health-related tool can be enhanced when it is accompanied by patient education, skills training, structured data feedback and timely titration of antihyperglycemic medications [6], as was the case in many of the pivotal human insulin trials for type 2 diabetes and in the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) Study [11–13]. This evidence concerns the gene INS and diabetes mellitus.